Russia

Temperature trends in Moscow

Coverage 1949–2025

+ 2.8°Cin 76 years

Moscow · europe · population ~17.3MGoogle Maps · Terms

Primary weather station near Moscow with the most complete temperature record

MOSKVA VDNX

Station record

Station id
87
Source
ECAD
Record
1949–2025
Years
77
Warmest year
2025 (8.58°C)
Coldest year
1956 (3.04°C)
Trend since 1980
+0.59°C / decade

MOSKVA VDNX

19492025 · Moscow, Russia

First 10 years (1949–1958): 4.58 °C · Last 10 years (2016–2025): 7.35 °C · Gap: +2.77 °C

Annual mean temperatures — ECAD source.

Climate trends at Moscow (1949–2025)

Moscow, the capital of Russia, has seen notable changes in its climate over the past several decades. With a population of approximately 17.3 million, the city is home to the weather station MOSKVA VDNX, which has been recording data since 1949. This article explores the temperature trends and climate impacts in Moscow, highlighting the significant warming observed in recent years.

Trend Summary

From the period of 1949 to 2025, Moscow has recorded an increase in mean temperature from 4.58°C during the first ten years (1949–1958) to 7.35°C in the last ten years (2016–2025). This represents a remarkable rise of 2.77°C, indicating a clear warming trend. Additionally, the mean temperature from 2015 to 2024 was 7.24°C, further emphasizing the ongoing changes in the climate.

Comparing the recent decade (2016–2025) with the previous decade (2006–2015), there was an increase of 0.66°C, with the recent mean temperature reaching 7.35°C. This trend aligns with the broader pattern of warming observed across the region.

Climate change impacts

As temperatures rise, Moscow may face increased risks associated with climate change, including more frequent heat waves and drought conditions. These changes can impact water supply, agriculture, and public health, necessitating proactive measures to adapt to the evolving climate.

Comparison vs National Benchmark and Paris

In comparison to the national average for the top 500 cities in Russia, which is approximately 2.01°C for the period of 1991–2020, Moscow's temperatures are significantly higher. Furthermore, Moscow's mean temperature is 6.27°C above that of Paris, highlighting the city's unique climate challenges.

Top-5 Warm Years

  • 2025: 8.58°C
  • 2020: 8.21°C
  • 2024: 8.04°C
  • 2019: 7.94°C
  • 2015: 7.45°C

The record coldest year in Moscow was 1956, with a temperature of 3.04°C.

For more detailed data, you can access the raw CSV/JSON data or explore our interactive map for further insights.

Frequently asked questions

Which weather station is used for Moscow?
Statistics on this page come from the MOSKVA VDNX station, id 87, ECAD source.
How long is the temperature record in Moscow?
The record runs from 1949 to 2025 (77 years with data).
How much has Moscow warmed?
The annual mean changed by +2.77°C from 1949–1958 to 2016–2025 (first 10 vs last 10 years of the series).
What was the warmest year on record in Moscow?
The warmest year in this series is 2025 (annual mean 8.58°C).
What is the decade trend since 1980 in Moscow?
The linear trend since 1980 is +0.59°C per decade.

Downloads — primary station

Station: MOSKVA VDNX (ECAD 87).

Fossil CO₂ emissions (ODIAC) in the grid cell for Moscow

1° gridded estimate (fossil carbon surface flux integrated over the calendar year, 2000–2023) for the grid cell that contains the city: the plotted value is a surface emission intensity (gC/m²/yr), comparable across regions, not local air CO₂ concentration (wind and mixing are not represented here).

CO₂ page (ODIAC map, Keeling…)

ODIAC 1°×1° grid cell (centre ≈ 55.5°, 37.5°).